Deletion legend:
[1- Default – Not related to structural wind
resistance design]
[2- Fire/Life Safety]
[3- Covered in model base code]
[4- Code Cycle Modification to be submitted to strike
section and refer to appropriate FBC,B sections]
SECTION 4406
[4- Code Cycle Modification to be submitted to strike
section and refer to appropriate FBC,B sections]
HIGH-VELOCITY HURRICANE ZONES —
LIGHT METAL ALLOYS
R4406.1 Aluminum.
R4406.1.1 Design. Aluminum members shall be designed by methods admitting of rational analysis according to established principles of mechanics.
R4406.1.2 Standards. The following standards are hereby adopted as set forth in Chapter 43:
1. Specifications for Aluminum Structures, The Aluminum Association, Inc.
2. The Aluminum Formed Sheet Building Sheathing Design Guide, The Aluminum Association, Inc.
3. The Commentary on Specifications for Aluminum Structures, The Aluminum Association, Inc.
4. Engineering Data for Aluminum Structures, The Aluminum Association, Inc.
5. Guidelines for Structural Condition Assessment of Existing Buildings, ANSI/ASCE 11.
R4406.1.3 Workmanship. Aluminum construction shall be in conformance with the tolerances, quality and methods of construction as set forth in Section R4406.1.2 and the American Welding Society's Structural Welding Code-Aluminum (D1.2).
R4406.1.4 Definitions.
PRIMARY SMEMBER. Structural framing members providing structural
support to other members and/or surfaces of a structure including, but not
limited to beams, posts, columns, joists, structural gutters, headers, etc.
SECONDARY MEMBERS. Structural framing members which do not provide
basic support for the entire structure, generally including, but not limited
to, such members as purlins, kickplate rails, chair rails, roof or wall panels,
etc.
STRUCTURAL MEMBERS. Members or sections that provide support to an
assembly and/or resist applied loads.
[1- Default – Not related
to structural wind resistance design]
R4406.1.5 Identification. Aluminum for structural elements shall at
all times be segregated or otherwise handled in the fabricator's plant so that
the separate alloys and tempers are positively identified and, after completion
of fabrication, shall be marked to identify the alloy and temper. Such markings
shall be affixed to complete members and assemblies or to boxed or bundled
shipments of multiple units prior to shipment from the fabricator's plant.
Exception: Certification by the fabricator and or contractor shall
be provided attesting to the alloy and temper of the material.
[1- Default
– Not related to structural wind resistance design]
R4406.1.6 Allowable unit
stresses.
R4406.1.6.1 The design, fabrication and assembly of aluminum members for building and other structures shall conform to the standard set forth in Section R4406.1.2 and as otherwise set forth herein.
R4406.1.6.2 The use of aluminum alloys, other than those listed in
the standard shall provide performance not less than those required by the
standard and as set forth herein.
[1- Default
– Not related to structural wind resistance design]
R4406.1.6.3 Aluminum members shall be limited by the deflections set forth in Section R4403.2.
R4406.1.7 The building official may require that any structure using aluminum primary or secondary members be designed by a Florida licensed professional engineer.
R4406.1.7.1 Increases in allowable unit stresses as set forth for wind loads in Section R4403.2 shall be applicable to aluminum structural members except that allowable unit stresses thus increased shall not exceed 75 percent of the minimum yield strength.
Exception: No increase in allowable stresses caused by wind loads shall be permitted for aluminum sheet decking, siding and cladding.
R4406.1.7.2 In addition to flexural and shearing stresses, the critical factors of buckling, fatigue, stress raisers such as notches or holes or shape reentrant corners, deflection and connections shall be considered and provided for by proper design.
R4406.1.7.3 All solid roof systems shall be designed for a minimum 30 psf (1436 Pa) live load.
R4406.1.7.4 All buildings and structures shall be designed to resist uplift. In the case of placement on existing slabs and foundations, sufficient information and calculations shall be provided by the professional engineer and/or architect to verify the ability of the slab or foundation to resist uplift loads.
R4406.1.7.5 All connection devices shall be rated by load testing by an approved testing laboratory.
R4406.1.7.5.1 All expansion anchors shall not be installed less than 3 inches (76 mm) from the edge of concrete slab and/or footings. All expansion anchors shall develop an ultimate withdrawal resisting force equal to four times the imposed load, with no stress increase for duration of load.
R4406.1.8 Fabrication and construction details.
R4406.1.8.1 Connections. Aluminum members shall be designed as set forth in the standards in Section R4406.1.2.
R4406.1.8.1.1 Fasteners. Bolts and other fasteners shall be aluminum, stainless steel, hot-dip or electro-galvanized steel. Double cadmium plated steel bolts may also be used.
R4406.1.8.1.2 Painting. Except as prescribed in Section R4406.1.8.4,
painting or coating of aluminum alloy parts shall be required only when called
for on the plans.
[1- Default
– Not related to structural wind resistance design]
R4406.1.8.1.3 Welding. Aluminum parts shall be welded with an inert-gas-shielded arc or resistance welding process. No welding process that requires a welding flux shall be used. Filler alloys complying with the requirements of the standard in this section shall be used.
R4406.1.8.1.4 Welder qualifications. All welding of structural aluminum member shall be performed by certified welders.
R4406.1.8.1.5 Erection. During erection, structural aluminum shall be adequately braced and fastened to resist dead, wind and erection loads.
R4406.1.8.2 Structural aluminum
decking and siding.
R4406.1.8.2.1 Aluminum sections spanning between supports shall be limited in span to satisfactorily support the positive and negative loads set forth in Section R4403.2. The deflection of decking shall not exceed that set forth in Section R4403.2.
R4406.1.8.2.2 Aluminum sheet used for roof decking or siding shall be not less than 0.032 inch (0.8 mm) in thickness.
R4406.1.8.2.3 Aluminum sheets shall be secured to the supports to adequately resist positive and negative loads. Attachments shall be at intervals not exceeding 8 inches (203 mm) o.c. and shall be secured to each other at side laps at intervals as required by rational analysis and/or tests, but shall not exceed 12 inches (305 mm) o.c.
R4406.1.8.2.4 Fasteners shall have a head, and/or be provided with washers not less than 1/2 inch (13 mm) in diameter.
R4406.1.8.2.5 Fasteners located at end laps shall be placed not more than 2 inches (51 mm) nor less than 1 inch (25 mm) from the end of overlapping sheets.
R4406.1.8.2.6 Where roof or wall cladding is of aluminum, an approved membrane to protect against water intrusion to the interior shall be provided or the aluminum cladding shall be designed and constructed with an approved continuous edge-interlock, overlap or seam to prevent water intrusion.
R4406.1.8.3 Nonstructural
aluminum decking and siding.
R4406.1.8.3.1 Nonstructural aluminum sheets shall be backed with cladding as set forth in Section R4409 and Section R4410.
R4406.1.8.3.2 Nonstructural aluminum sheets shall have a minimum thickness of 0.032 inches (0.8 mm).
R4406.1.8.3.3 An approved membrane to protect against water
intrusion shall be provided or the aluminum. cladding shall be designed and
constructed with an approved continuous edge-interlock, overlap or seam to
prevent water intrusion.
[1- Default
– Not related to structural wind resistance design]
R4406.1.8.3.4 Nonstructural decking and siding shall be attached as set forth in Section R4406.1.8.2 except that the attachment of aluminum residential siding shall be by rational analysis and/or tests using a minimum 0.120-inch (3 mm) diameter aluminum nails of sufficient length to penetrate studs a minimum of 2 inches (51 mm). Nails at wood studs shall be as required by rational analysis and/or tests, but spaced not greater than 24 inches (610 mm) o.c. horizontally and no greater than 8 inches (203 mm) o.c. vertically.
R4406.1.8.4 Dissimilar materials.
R4406.1.8.4.1 Aluminum may contact compatible metals such as, but
not limited to:
1. Nonmagnetic
stainless steel provided the contacting surfaces and any attachments are
enclosed for protection from the weather.
2. Zinc.
3. White bronze.
R4406.1.8.4.2 Aluminum contacting metals not considered compatible
shall be protected as follows:
1. Painting the
dissimilar metal with a prime coat of zinc-chromate primer or other suitable
primer, followed by one or two coats of aluminum metal-and-masonry paint or
other suitable protective coating, excluding those containing lead
pigmentation.
2. Painting the
dissimilar metal with a coating of a heavy-bodied bituminous paint.
3. Placing a good
quality caulking material between the aluminum and the dissimilar metal.
4. Applying a
nonabsorptive tape or gasket.
5. Hot-dip
galvanizing or zinc-plating steel members after fabrication.
R4406.1.8.4.3 Dissimilar metals shall be painted if used in
locations where drainage from them passes over aluminum.
R4406.1.8.4.4 Aluminum surfaces in contact with lime-mortar,
concrete, or other masonry materials, shall be protected with alkali-resistant,
coatings, such as heavy-bodied bituminous paint or water-white methacrylate
lacquer.
R4406.1.8.4.5 Aluminum in contact with wood or other absorbing
materials which may become repeatedly wet shall be painted with two coats of
aluminum metal-and-masonry paint or a coat of heavy-bodied bituminous paint, or
the wood or other absorbing material shall be painted with two coats of
aluminum house paint and the joints sealed with a good quality caulking
compound.
R4406.1.8.4.6 Where aluminum is in contact with treated wood, wood
shall be treated with pentachlorophenol, 5 percent minimum concentration, or
creosote, or zinc naphthanate, following the protective measures outlined in
Section R4406.1.8.4.5.
R4406.1.8.5 Expansion and contraction. Aluminum work shall be
designed and anchored so that the work will not be distorted nor the fasteners
over-stressed from the expansion and contraction of the metal.
[1- Default – Not related
to structural wind resistance design]